/fglt/ - Friendly GNU/Linux Thread

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Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share their experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.

If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
1) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
2) Dual boot the GNU/Linux distribution of your choice along with Windows or macOS.
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.

Resources:
Your friendly neighborhood search engine (try to use a search engine that respects your benis such as searx, ixquick or startpage).

$ man %command%
$ info %command%
$ help %command%
$ %command% -h
$ %command% --help

Don't know what to look for?
$ apropos %something%

Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
wiki.archlinux.org
wiki.gentoo.org

Sup Forums's Wiki on GNU/Linux:
wiki.installgentoo.com/index.php/Category:GNU/Linux

>What distro should I choose?
wiki.installgentoo.com/index.php/Babbies_First_Linux

>What are some cool programs?
wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page

>What are some cool terminal commands?
commandlinefu.com/
bropages.org/

>Where can I learn the command line?
mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
linuxcommand.org/tlcl.php
grymoire.com/Unix/

>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html

>How to break out of the botnet?
prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux

/t/'s GNU/Linux Games: /t/'s GNU/Linux Videos: /fglt/'s website and copypasta collection:
fglt.nl && p.teknik.io/wJ9Zy

Other urls found in this thread:

aziz.tn/technical-blog/how-to-become-a-free-software-hipster.html
twitter.com/SFWRedditImages

Repeating question from previous thread:
Trying to build my very own crappy linux distro. So, I compiled kernel (4.11) and BusyBox, copied all the stuff to disk image, created symlink bin/sh -> /usr/bin/busybox.
After trying to boot it in qemu-x86_64 with "init=/bin/sh" I get this. ext4 is enabled in kernel config and my image is ext4. Where did I fuck up?

>2.write a few simple bash scripts

Yes I know I could write it myself but I thought that somewhere inside those 50k+ packages I would find such basic functionality.

Try 4.10.14 instead

everytime I boot I have to fsck /dev/sda2
what could be the cause of this

Why? I don't think it's a kernel bug.

Is that your root partition? If so, it's supposed to be fsck'd automatically every time you boot, in case you force shutdown your machine last time and the filesystem didn't have time to unmount.

4.11 wasn't working for me. It complained ext4 was an unknown file system despite me having support for it (I used the same .config forever without problems). I then compiled 4.10.14 and it just werked.

Alright, thanks user, I'll give it a try

I use the shutdown command everytime I shutdown or I use reboot

Right, but the fsck is there just in case you didn't. If you did, it's harmless, it should just say "/dev/sda2 is clean" and keep going. But you should never have to do it manually.

If it doesn't take too long then I would just ignore it as it isn't causing harm. You could try running an fsck from a livecd and see if anything is actually wrong with the filesystem though.

>If so, it's supposed to be fsck'd automatically every time you boot
I thought it's every x boots. My dmesg certainly doesn't have fsck logs every boot.

mmh okay odd
alright I'll try that when I get home thank for the tip

As already mentioned it's done automatically on boot to ensure the file system isn't damaged. If you REALLY want to get rid off it you can add fsck.mode=skip to your kernel parameters. You can either add it to GRUB config (easiest and quickest) or you can exclude fsck when generating the initramfs. Normally should be of no problem but if your drive does become corrupt in some way it might result in data loss so given how rarely you reboot your computer and how quick fsck is I wouldn't recommend removing it. You can use suspend to RAM instead of shutdown when not using your computer so that you don't have to go through the boot process every day. For a distro using systemd (which you most likely have) the command is systemctl suspend.

Did you copy all the necessary shared objects?

Only copied busybox binary to /usr/bin and created symlink to it.

What are some cool terminal commands?

>BusyBox
why would you do this?

Just to build some basic environment for testing before making something serious

what happens when you run sh?

Is BusyBox statically compiled?

blacked

Oy vey, seems like I'm a full retard, forgot to disable dynamic linking in bb config. Thanks for pointing out.

You need to copy the shared objects used by busybox.
ldd busybox

I know, I just thought I had compiled it statically.

So I am installing Manjaro with full disk encryption, and I have a few inquiries. I have it set up is that I have /boot on a flash drive. Should this be encrypted too? Also I am wondering how encrypting swap works. I set a different passkey for the swap and for the main partition but it seems that either key is accepted. Should I even use swap?

I'm trying to make a private subnet with a firewall+router on an Ubuntu based server I've got. My current plan is to use UFW firewalling/masquerading traffic and dnsmasq for DHCP and DNS. Any thoughts or better ideas, aside from "use pfSense instead"?

also any tips on killing fruit flies? these fuckers will just not starve off.

>tips on killing fruit flies

Vacuum cleaner. Approach slowly from below. They are hard-wired to evade threats from above, but neglect slow movements straight towards them, when approaching upwards.

No better ideas on the firewall-router side, so just try it out, is all I can suggest.

>Should this be encrypted too?
You won't be able to boot if it is. But grub supports encrypted boot, so you can have everything but bootloader encrypted with grub if you set it up.
>I set a different passkey for the swap and for the main partition but it seems that either key is accepted
You're doing it wrong, read a guide, like the Arch wiki. Ideally, you want encrypted swap to be remade on each boot, as a plain dm-crypt container using /dev/urandom as key. You do NOT want a persistence swap.
>Should I even use swap
If you don't think you'll be suspending to disk, then no, as you can make a swap file of any size later on.

TL;DR: I accidentally disabled all my monitors and now I can't see shit, what do?

So I had a second monitor plugged in, and while using it I disabled the first one. Then I switched off the second monitor, which for some reason disables it. (this seems to be "normal" behaviour, I just forgot about it..)
Replugging the HDMI/DP cables or power cables to the monitors had no effect.

I could ofc just reboot and it'd probably fix it, but I'm trying to avoid that because of some programs I have running.

This is Xubuntu on a desktop with Radeon 270X and the default drivers (not from AMD)

COuld you just restart the X server?

Yeah well... how would I do that. I guess I forgot to mention I'm clueless.

Can you connect by ssh to your computer?

Nope. I'm disabled it one day when my tinfoil hat was itching...

>I'm disabled
looks like I got something right...

So do on virtual console (ctl-alt-f1). DO that shortcut many times to be sure you have switched. After that login and password.
And once logged (blind) pkill -KILL Xorg but it will kill all graphical application.

Next time keep your openssh server open.

It's so annoying every fucking cheap VPS seller still pushes openvz. I know why, they can easily overallocate and/or use fake specs but its just really annoying. No one should be forced to use kernels that old.

Hey I can see the terminal just fine. Can I just xrandr -somethingsomething or some shit?

And yeah the SSH business was pretty stupid. I'm slowly learning to not mess with stuff unless I have a very good reason.

Do
DISPLAY=:0
and after that try xrandr

if it's not the good display. Find the pid of one of your graphical process (ps -ef)
and go in /proc/PID (you replace PID with the pid), and check for the value of DISPLAY in the file environ

no wait i just tried xrandr with no arguments and it said "Can't open display".

If you can't afford $5/mo for Digital Ocean you have serious brain problems.

>DISPLAY=:0
>and after that try xrandr
Same result as before. I'll try the rest now.

You export the display? ie export before setting the variable?

When the fuck will we get some distros that ship with wayland?
I don't want to use fedora, as it's shit.

I have no idea what that even means.. I'm feeling quite lost.. maybe I should stop before I mess something up worse...

Out of curiosity: What did you use to compile it? What other software are you including?

did you do?
export DISPLAY=:0

Can somebody help me? just got through to my first arch install, but the only acccount is root, and when I try to open account settings it just closes the settings window, other settings work just fine, how can I make a new user so I'm not doing everything as root?

man useradd
man passwd

man adduser

>running browser as root
Enjoy your malware. Oh wait, you already installed Arch :^)

I compiled it with a hammer and included some nails.
No.

I feel like I'm at a point where I should look up what this stuff does before typing it in...

I need more than a basic shit server. I need a shit server with some bulk to it. I dont need god tier SLAs (and the cost associated with them) to protect me. I've got a couple cheap lxc and kvm servers and they've all got 98.8-99.9% network uptime. Good enough for me.

>No.
Do it. xrand should work after that.

I'd like to interject for a moment, in most cases this thing you call GNU/Linux, although the Linux kernel is running on a GNU system is so far from your values of free software and again in most cases they call them selves open source, can we not just call it Linux?

Hey indeed it seems to work. At least it lists the displays and resolutions.

Now how do i see my desktop again...

testing

You have to enable the correct desktop and mode. Example my display is eDP1:
#!/bin/sh

xrandr --output eDP1 --mode 1920x1080

it says "configure crtc 0 failed"

I tried both monitors. (DisplayPort-0 and HDMI-0)

Is Slackware just for aging hackers who don't care about Debian, etc.?

ANd if you go back to your opened Xserver (ctl-alt-f7 or try another number)?

So a new user was added, but when I log into it it directs me back to the choose user screen

Everything goes blank in "f7". Other number give terminals like "f1" did before.

if your user if foo
echo exec xterm >/home/foo/.xsession
chmod 0644 /home/foo/.xsession
and retry

Sorry, I don't know what could fix your problem. It's beyond my skills.

/home/user/.xsession: no such file or directory

No problem, thanks for trying. I already learned some new things so it wasn't all wasted.

How stupid is it that the monitor gets disabled when it's turned off and does not get enabled when it turns on? How does that seem like a good idea... Well I'll just reboot in a moment if nothing comes up...

The expression “the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning “the kernel of Linux” and implying that Linux must be more than a kernel. You can avoid the possibility of this misunderstanding by saying or writing “the kernel, Linux” or “Linux, the kernel”.

Test

Create the home dir of the user before, and try to log in with the user, it it fails create the xsession
mkdir /home/user

So I rebooted and everything is fine now. I won't be disabling any monitors in a while...

How does it feel to talk with yourself?

stop

for Ho shit, i'm tired

aziz.tn/technical-blog/how-to-become-a-free-software-hipster.html

I loled so hard

I did all three of these and I still can't log in

Is xterm installed? If not install it right now, because that's the fucking ultimate terminal.

It's installed, should I have Ben running these from xterm? Does it matter?

I'm installing Manjaro XFCE, is this a good choice?

>Mohamed
R E M O V E

Try to log in a virtual-console (ctl-alt-f1) and to write startx from there.

Ok so I just switched to xubuntu. I have some screen tearing even when just on 4chins.
I tried the nvidia made driver and my computer would not boot. at the unlock prompt any characters I typed would just show up on top of the boot screen and nothing worked.

wut do? any good drivers?
I have an NVIDIA GeForce GT 740

Or maybe your user does not have right on its own home folder
Run the following command by replacing user by the user name
chown -R $(id -u user):$(id -g user) /home/user

install compton

Wow Mohamed Aziz, don't flip out

B L A C K E D

thanks, pornhub looks great now

I created another user using the method, worked just fine, might have had something to do with me naming the user "user" thanks for the help guys

happy jerking

You named an user user?

apt-get moo

Yeah, is there something wrong with that? I've done it on all the other distros I've used, didn't think it'd cause problems

I don't think so.

what is the best distro for doing normal things?

ubuntu

What are some cool USE flags?

if you hang water in a transparent bag, fruit flies don't approach.

don't ask me why.

Do any free distros offer rebootless patching/hotfixes? Only ones I've found are paid products from (Ubuntu/redhat/oracle/suse)

Couple of questions:

1. Why does my computer only see 53 gb of memory when I have at least 230gb?

2. Why when I change the file name of a program, Linux seems to "forget" that it exists and I have to fucking uninstall it and re install?