Any opiate experts here? I need help, im in deep shit. So here in Canada there is an epidemic (parts of USA as well) of FAKE oxy 80 pills. They are manufactured in places like china (even in canada some of the shittier ones i believe). They contain usually fentanyl, or some sort of fentanyl analogue.. or some sort of opiate research chemical. The ones I have been addicted to for the past 5 weeks are the ones painted green that are white inside. They are extremely compact and hard to crush. My friend and I are addicted to them, we sniff them. It provides a powerful short acting high. These are strong, but my tolerance went up so much the past 5 weeks and im scared.
Whatever opiate is in these, has a very short half life, because recently I went into withdrawal.. I started feeling them after 5 hours last dose, at 12 hour mark it was bad (GRANTED.. since ive only been addicted for 5 weeks, the withdrawals were not as bad as some horror stories i read online thankfully) and I BELIEVE the withdrawal intensity peaked at hour 20. I went 24 hours before my next dose the longest I went without. I wish I just waited another 24 hours because im positive most of the withdrawals would have been over by then.
I will CONTINUE in thread
Leo Mitchell
Pathetic.
Tyler Rodriguez
back when those were new on the scene, i used to cut the 80s into 16 pieces and would take one every 4-6 hours. got employee of the month.
Levi Bennett
so yeah.. my first question is.. does tapering off actually work? Like, for example (at my peak i was doing like two pills a day which is a fuck load i think since these are def stronger than 80mg of real oxy).
I tapered a nice amount in the past 4 days i reckon. So is this correct? Say you wait 5 hours until you go into withdrawal.. and then tough it out for 12 hours, and THEN take just a little line not even enough to get high but to just stop the w/d or at least stop most of it.. and then repeat this process.. your brain is slowly repairing right? I mean whenever you are in withdrawal your brain is firing up its natural receptors again is that correct? And if you taper down a lot, does that mean the final withdrawal wont be as severe? im just scared as fuck to go into withdrawal again. it was so depressing.
Again these pills (I live in ontario, and they are white inside JUST like the pic I posted) have a very short half life whatever opiate is inside..
My next problem. My friend who is addicted with me went to a methadone clinic today and guess what, when they tested him they found nothing. None of the common opiate metabolites, he explained to them (he was withdrawing pretty bad but not that bad it was just 7 or so hours since his last dose) and even showed them the pills they said they never saw anything like that.. anyways they said all we can do is give you the lowest dose possible.. so yeah.
I KNOW THIS IS A LONG READ, but i beg you please read this (any opiate addict experts or ex addicts) I have more to say!
Dominic Walker
Nursefag here, Tapering off will work, but you will have to go to such low levels you essentially aren't doing much and you won't be getting "high"
You have something stronger hence the quicker tolerence. but also, opioid abuse will take several months to build up a tolerance and it will come fast and then it takes a long while to go away.. many months.
taper off, quit. You've lost a high you will never get again and you're chasing a really shitty high. Stop being a degenerate and make something better of yourself. Or just fully commit to heroin and go down a faster spiral that you are already on.
You still have time to make better decisions.
Caleb Watson
THIS IS NOW A SPIDERMAN THREAD
Jonathan Bennett
This.
You're at least able to acknowledge you're in a bad situation and you're giving yourself an out. Ditch any excess pills and keep what you think is needed for tapering and sort it the fuck out because I've seen people at this point and I've seen people go past, and if it's anything like heroin the times you offer yourself an out get less and less and the longer you leave it (and we're only talking months here), the less of the person you were remains until you're just a nutcase shell of a human. You can do it OP, godspeed.
Elijah Cruz
...
Bentley Reyes
so my friend who is hooked with me, he claims this happened to him. So he started doing opiates 4 months ago, 2 months later (he was snorting dilaudid at this point, nothing else no other opiates.. so he was on hydromorphone sniffing them his last 2-3 weeks he was sniffing like one 8mg a day.. so not THAT bad compared to others.)
2 months later he ran out or something and had nothing, so he was withdrawing pretty bad cause its been like 48 hours or i think a litle longer.. i think 60-70 and he told me that he def felt like he made it through the worst of the withdrawals (so maybe this has to do with what im about to say) so finally at hour 60-70 he gets on methadone, they blood test him and find the morphine metabolite and start him on methadone (It was one of the lowest dosages you can get.. probably cause like I said he wasnt FULL BLOWN heroin injecting junkie of 2 years yet, right?) So he drinks the methadone and all his withdrawals (remember, he went like 2 or something days without dilaudid and at this point the withdrawal was fading away) dissapear..he goes the next day, they make him drink the bottle.. goes there again next day same shit, fourth day he couldnt make it to the clinic but he didnt get withdrawals (im guessing cause a) methadone has very long half life and it stays in your system long activated right?, and b) he wasnt on a high dose)...but the next day he went again. next day he couldnt make it again.. so like on day 7 or some shit with two days missed i think he missed 3 days in a row and then day 11 or something, he goes and that was the last day he went.. heres the thing. He claims that when he stopped going he got basically zero withdrawals, because two weeks after his last methadone bottle he was still feeling no withdrawals. Because thats what i asked im like methadone takes a while to feel withdrawals from so did you wait at least 4 days? he said yeah no he was like on week two and was fine.. he was clean, (according to him)
wil continue
Landon Nguyen
Functional H addict here.
It is either a higher dose, or hot-spot, of Fentanyl, or, I would wager, U47700.
Taper. Either that, or find Subutex, or even Suboxone.
Luke Green
Thanks for supporting my knowledge. Cheers from Canada
also, OP. Get better. They are fucking opioids man
Adam Lopez
SO THIS IS MY NEXT BIG BIG QUESTION.
Since my friend switched from dilaudid to methadone and essentially did a short fast taper off the methadone without intention
(because here in ontario im assuming its the same everywhere... you arent allowed to "taper" off if you want, especially not by your own choice and you arent allowed to just take the bottle home right away, yeh fucking retarded i know. So how he missed dosages is by the fact he just couldnt make it that day, so that was his version of a very sloppy shitty taper. )
whats the science behind this, is there any reason why he didnt feel much if any withdrawal? Since these fake oxys we are hooked on now, dont test positive for morphine or any of the common ones.. EVEN FENTANYL, he told me they tried for just plain old fentanyl and they didnt find any. If i switched to methadone for like 5 days, giving my body enough time to flush all this weird opiate from the fake oxys out of my body, can i just stop the methadone and be fine...?
Christian Rodriguez
Quit now while you still can
Nolan Reed
Should've just taken two Advil.
Nathan Rogers
Most of the fake OXY is actually manufactured by the real maker. Pharmacies buy them so that when a junkie robs them they get the fake stuff instead of the hidden real stuff. This has been going on for a long time bud.
Samuel Kelly
it is either a higher dose.. what do you mean, that doesnt even make sense?
hot spot? Dude you are making zero sense. I know what a hot spot is but what does hot spot have to do with anything im saying/asking sorry im not intending to be rude im just asking.
its not fentanyl i wish it was like we thought it was all this fucking time, but nope methadone clinic tested negative for fentanyl. hey yeah it MIGHT be U47700 I am reading that this drug doesnt test as anything.. this is fucking bad.
Andrew Rogers
Also you are a gigantic pussy. Just fucking stop cold turkey. It's not like you are addicted to benzos or alcohol, the withdrawals won't kill you.
Joshua Price
opiate not having legs = short half life. I'd say ride it out cold turkey, you'll go through 3 days of fuck and then you'll start feeling better.
Josiah Hernandez
hey did you read what i said. where did i say im chasing this high ? im asking about tapering.. but thanks fuckhead. cant you tell im trying to get better, i have no plans on doing heroin or continuing down this path. im just seeing my options
Ryder Scott
Just fucking deal with five days of hell bud. Withdrawals will peak around day two to three. Grow a pair and accept what you've gotten into. If you live in Canada buy fucking tylenol with codeine and do a cold water extraction to help taper.
Lucas Gonzalez
Loperamide (immodium) works wonders. take a pill every time the shit spray starts
Carson Morgan
Take Immodium to deal with the diahrrea, do not drink liquor. Take aleve for the aches and pains, and benadryl or dramamine to help with the nausea.
t. addict
Logan Watson
>addicted for the past 5 weeks >im scared OP addicts aren't scared of the drugs they're addicted to. Also, addicts don't claim or even realize they're addicts within fucking 5 weeks. I'm a recovering heroin addict and faggots like you make us look more fucking retarded than we already are most of the time. Kys m88888
Owen Cook
After five weeks you sure as hell can be physically addicted to benzos or opiates bud. Hell, I withdrawal from opiates after a week binge now.
Caleb Moore
They're either a fent analogue or u47700. Both have super short half lives. Tapering works. But I Would buy a few G's of fent analogue, FIBF works best, and a mg scale, and read on volumetric dosing.
Taper 10% per 3-5 days , be very very careful, and stick with a slow onset ROA oral, sniff maybe, not shot or smoke or whatever.
Currently tapering of Acryl Fent off 90mgs of methadone. Opi user for better part of a decade. But I live a normal life, have a decent IT job, etc. Can't afford to be sick for a week.
Matthew Parker
Good luck man. I'm addicted to benzodiazepines and am in the same boat. Can't afford to be sick, don't have three weeks to sweat it out.
Connor Stewart
for benzos talk to a fucking doctor. for real. unless you like having seizures. and yeah, people have had seizures jumping off at a fraction of a .25 xanny
Kevin Rivera
dugs are bad. don't do them.
Blake Campbell
Yes, tapering off works. That's what methadone clinics are meant to do. Just Google it man for proof
Oliver Turner
No point in talking to a doctor. I'm not willing to be flagged as an addict as I'm addicted to a legal analogue and my legit script for emergency lorazepam is my get out of jail card if I ever get drug tested.
Shit is fucked tho, I go from 10mg of xanax equivalent a day to 3, was down to .5mg but relapsed.
And yeah I've seized many times stepping down. It's the panic attacks that are the worst. As educated professionals I find it funny that the smartest people are those who think they can withstand temptation.
Dominic Richardson
really? whih fent analogue should i buy dude? Obviously the weaker one right the one that i dont have to mix so i can safefly snort without dying?
also where the fuck do i buy this?? on the markets theres only fentanyl in canada.
ACETYL fentanyl is the safer one right? The one thats only 20 x stronger than morphine rather than 100-200 or w.e from regular fentanyl? If thats the case, i dont have to worry about dying from touching it or breathing in an airborn partical yeah?
Thomas Cox
dude when i was withdrawing i tried loperamide.. didnt do shit i was still in pain
James Morris
Dude, its been five weeks. Just go cold turkey, in 5 days you will be fine and you won't die. If you must, buy 222s and read up on cold water extraction.
There is no reason for you to taper man unless you risk losing your job.
Jeremiah Nelson
It only helps with the shits. Loperamide, aleve, and benadryl/dramamine are the best OTC plan out there. Shit will still suck, but so is a life of drug abuse.
Daniel Allen
Well no shit you'll still be in pain. the benefit is you won't be dehydrated from immediately shitting out every damn thing you try to eat
David Myers
Just getting in thread now. Dude here who's been addicted to opiates for 7+ years. On methadone now though. This dude's been sober for 5 weeks? The fuck just quit, man.
David Rogers
Addicted to a legal analogue that you're buyng illegally..
Samuel Edwards
It's like bluelight up in this bitch. Been a recreational pill head since my 20s. Never got addicted, only withdrawal I had was flu like symptoms.
Daniel Rogers
Oh using for 5 weeks LOL you'll be fine kid. Just drink some water, shit your brains out and don't look back at opiates ever again, FAGGOT. Unless you wanna be a homeless junkie, or on methadone for years like me. Faggot.
Lucas Edwards
Currently going through a hydrocodone withdrawal, it's fucking hell but adderall makes it easier, as does Immodium. I also take a daily multivitamin so my withdrawals aren't as bad this time.
>Tfw addict for four years >Tfw the dealer gets more, you're damn right I'm gonna get more, happiness is only $5 a pop
Ian Fisher
youre dumb dude i did a lot in the past 5 weeks and i did withdraw fucking pretty bad when i said i went 24 hours without this short acting opiate
Jordan King
>happiness is only 5$ a pop
Yeah so is ruining your life faggot. Have fun.
Tyler Butler
May as well go ahead and put your head between your legs and kiss your ass goodbye if you plan to continue down this road kid. There's no happy ending. You may not die, but you'll definitely lose something or someone dear to you. All in all I most about 7 close friends over the period of about 5 years due to oxy, suboxone, methadone, etc. I'm lucky I made it out. Have a little fun, but quit while you can man.
Joshua Nguyen
How did you guys get your methadone, out of curiosity? I've been thinking about going to the doctor for my withdrawals but I've heard some bad stories before.
I'm this guy
Josiah Williams
Nope, legal to buy, legal to possess, legal to ingest. It's a thienobenzodiazepine that falls outside the US Analogue Act. Only importation is illegal. Buying from a US vendor is kosher. Agreed OP is a bitch and needs to nut up. >multivitamin >hyrdros child pls.
Colton Cox
bluelight.ru
Wyatt Rogers
That is literally all opiate withdrawals are. Flu-like. But can be the worst flu on earth. You won't die, you won't seize. Unless your job is on the line opiate addicts are pussies unless they slam.
Austin Diaz
You can't pretend that hydro withdrawal doesn't exist. It fucking sucks, whether you want to admit it or not. It might not be as bad as the others but it's still its own sort of hell
Michael Robinson
I went to the clinic and got on it that day, my life has been 150% better since. But I was bad into the hydromorphone (Canadian here too)
Alexander Price
What did they say? Were they actually helpful or judgmental bitches? Were you nervous at all?
Evan Scott
Five days. Five, freaking days. Just quit dude. From a decade long addict nut up and deal with the aches and pains. Immodium, benadryl/dramamine, aleve. Five days and you are free. Five days and its over.
If I could go back I would. Just jump off that shit.
Kevin Foster
Yeah OP is a bitch. Ask I do now is dab really. I got my medical weed card. Actually my methadone doctor hooked me up with that too lol. Well told me where to go, he's a solid dude.
Christopher Green
i'm a pharmacist withdrawal is bad but at least it's not as bad as alcohol withdrawal listen to this guy and see a doctor
Robert Lopez
I'm not OP. Were you not paying attention when I said I've been popping for 4 years vs. OPs measly 5 fucking weeks? I fucking WISH it's only been 5 weeks
Juan Evans
Just get off the shit. I am / was a long time Opiate abuser. Started in like 2004 when my wisdom teeth were removed and they sent me home with scripts of percocet.
The following year I was snorting oxy 80's with friends in the bathrooms at school.
Than they changed the formula and everything was 30's and 15's and than the price sky rocketed from $10-$20 for an oxy 80 to OVER A DOLLAR PER MG for oxy 30's.
That's when heroin came into my life shortly after that the needle in some crumby fucking apartment owned by some fucking scumbag piece of shit I was buying the dope from and in order for him to hook me up I had to give him a few baggies (14 bags per bundle - 1 bundle roughly $35.00 for east coast powder dope)
One day he offered to shoot me up because my tolerance was getting so out of hand. Fast forward a few months and I'm in the hospital with an abscess the size of a fucking mango on my arm and the doctor tells my mom I'm a dope head and she fainted and hit the floor.
Stay away. Stay very far away. It's been roughly two years since my last opiate fueled junk-sessions and I STILL crave. If there's even a tic tac on the floor i'll triple double check to see if it's a pill that can get me high.
Shit's not cool dude. I could go on and on and on but that's basically my most simplistic warning I can give you.
Stick to weed and alcohol.
Adrian Nguyen
OP I'm an Ontario Paramedic,
We have been briefed by our base hospital that there has been an increase of "dumping" in the opiates. (Fake shit/cut shit). Meaning some big player is trying to make some quick money and the downfall is falling on the local populous. My opinion to you is check yourself into a clinic ASAP before you or someone you know get's killed. Were getting slammed right now by the amount of OD's, Hospitals are at a standstill because of this.
Hunter Brooks
You are addicted to hydros, you don't need to one up it with methadone. Just quit dude, deal with the wds.
Hudson Lopez
No man they're there to help you. You go in, tell them you wanna sign up, you pee in a cup and you sign papers and pay 5$ a dose unless you're on welfare. You'll start off on 20-25 , you can generally use for the first week they don't care. I got my carries after 6 months of being clean and just smoking weed.
Brandon Lewis
looks like fentanyl pills to me
Cameron Wood
But yeah, four years will suck but it will be over in a week.
Chase Mitchell
>fentanyl >pills haha no fentanyl is available in lozenges, pops, IV, nasal, patch no pills
Kevin Peterson
Depends how long he was doing hydros and how he was. I was hooked for years and I couldn't keep a job so I needed methadone. He probably does too, maybe not? I would literally be debilitatingly sick for weeks at a time.
Carter Bennett
It's hard man. I'd like to argue that I'm not weak willed but when it comes to the hydros, I really am. I'll be the first to admit it. You're right though.
That's awesome. I've been thinking about it but I don't want my parents finding out, being even more judged than I am, being listed as an addict on medical reports, etc. etc. Otherwise, I'd love to at least try it.
I'm on about day 5 coming onto 6 and I feel slightly better.
Lincoln Morales
what is talking about is that the pills op takes are fent pills
the writing is on the wall for good opiates, unless you can nab a script. get out while you can
John Rodriguez
>and see a doctor Which is really the best advice. But I doubt OP will listen. If he has two weeks he can be clean. Opiates aren't like benzos or alcohol. It's 100% will to quit, you won't die from it. As someone who has spent 10 years addicted to various drugs, and is currently addicted to the only two that will kill you (benzos and booze) just power through it. Seriously, if you are this far don't get on methadone. You are stronger than that and the worst is over.
I believe in you. Believe in yourself.
Tyler Davis
Like I said, 4 years, pretty functional (mainly good at lying). I am getting a new job and if I had to do it with the withdrawals, I'd be floored, no doubt about it. I'm not even sure what I would do about that situation to be honest but keep on keepin' on
Kevin Kelly
I thought you guys we're full of shit when I first saw someone say that immodium helped withdraw symptoms. However, being desperate one day I tried it. I couldn't believe how much it helped. The heart racing and sweats would almost completely go away. I couldn't believe it.
Jacob Smith
Go on methadone dude, trust me. I was on the hydros too and the half life sucks. Methadone will do you good, easier to taper off too. Don't listen to the faggots saying you're trading one for another. You technically are but it gives you structure. Addiction isn't Dependency. These fucks need school. If it's effecting your everyday life in a negative way, go in methadone bro. You'll thank me.
Alexander Nelson
Thank you user. Seriously. Please tell me about your benzo addiction?
>The heart racing and sweats would almost completely go away. THIS. I have it on my counter as I type. If I didn't have my adderall, that'd be what I'd be using. It definitely helps but obviously you have to be careful with it!
Henry Collins
Immodium is an opiate antagonizer faggot it what make you constipated when you get high
Nathan Reyes
They just take the part of the molecules that make your shitter plugged and doesn't give your brain a blanket. Ever hear of chemistry? Or Google, fuck.
Kayden White
Only the weak can't jump off opiates. Trading an oral hydro addiction for done is simply foolish. Just fucking deal with being sick for two weeks. I suffer from panic disorder with agoraphobia and ADHD. I'm currently prescribed SSRIs, Buspar, and "rescue take when needed" Xanax. I stopped taking adderal cause I kept abusing it. The only thing that works is taking Xanax. I learned of a legal Xanax I could buy, and two years later I'm 100% without anxiety and successful but a horrific addict.
Don't do benzos. Trust me. Opiates, alcohol, meth, etc. is nothing compared to them if you are mentally ill.
David Young
>It's 100% will to quit, you won't die from it.
Yeah I know you won't seize up and die like benzo withdrawal but opiate withdrawal can be long drawn out in long time users, you should know that. Also you feel like you're gonna die, that's bad enough most times to make you cave lol. Methadone takes that away, and the anxiety and the fact of being around drugs like that in the first place. That's why it's gold for some people.
Joseph Fisher
Oddly, I don't get the depression, the anxiety or any of that garbage. I once tried Xanax and got tired and that was it. I was pretty disappointed. I'm not sure what happened but I know it's not my drug of choice, just hydros mainly
Michael Barnes
>Just fucking deal with being sick for two weeks
Yeah and lose my job and be homeless? I would withdrawal for 6 plus weeks, faggot. I live in the real world, not moms basement.
Adrian Jenkins
So don't take everything I've said in this thread as saying you are weak. I'm just saying life can be soooo much worse. Just go cold turkey. I cold turkey opiates every few weeks. Don't be like me, you can do it. And stay sober. Addiction is a disease. Fair enough, I'd still take a week off work and cold turkey with aleve/immodium/benadryl first. Nobody withdrawals for six weeks off opiates. And I used to do black tar.
Tyler Jones
>I suffer from panic disorder with agoraphobia and ADHD
Yeah you sound like a welfare queen, fuck off. I hate faggots like you who tell people to go dope sick instead of treatment. You're retarded.
Carter Parker
I make 85k a year bud, have a successful career, and a horrible vice. Either go inpatient or deal with it. Methadone is for IV users, not pill poppers.
Parker Sullivan
Addiction IS a disease. Thanks for you help man, seriously.
Liam Adams
>Nobody withdrawals for six weeks off opiates
You're an idiot, physical symptoms can last months in some users, mental ones for years, the methadone takes that away. Do some research, or some drugs.
William Moore
I never understood how people could get high on Xanax. I was only prescribed 2mg tabs and that shit would knock me out for the entire night. It was crazy. I have had 7 brain and spine surgeries, and can take 8-12mg of oral Dilaudid and still function throughout the day, but one small Xanax knocked me out and made me feel like I had a hangover the next day.
Brody King
naw man, if you're in holding of prescription drugs without a prescription, it's against federal law..
Kevin Robinson
This, except without the hangover. I know what you mean though. I bought a few and tried to up the dose. Worked like a tranquilizer on me. Sold the rest, I'll stick to hydros lol I'm not into that stuff
Lincoln Ramirez
I assume you're a current methadone addict? It doesn't last that long, you've been deceived. Benzos don't get you high, they make you "normal." Like I said, I have mental problems that are treated by benzos. Otherwise only extreme IV users abuse them to up their opiate high. Not a prescription drug in the USA. Do I have to tell you what it is to trust me? I'd rather not in a junkie thread but trust me, its 100% legal amazingly. Even the FDA says so.
Noah Cook
According to him you should just go dope sick instead of seek help, seems legit. That's worked for like every junky ever.
Wyatt Scott
It's oral opiates. They don't need methadone.
Daniel Allen
>Gets told how it is >Is shitty about it
Go die in a gutter smackhead
Evan Perry
>It doesn't last that long, you've been deceived.
So I didn't withdrawal for a month plus and cave and go back to shooting up????? You're a fucking idiot man, it's different everyone. IV users respectfully.
Gavin Murphy
You were shooting up you idiot. IV is what done is for. These fools are taking oral. They don't need to trade one addiction for another.
You and I are different from them. Telling a 4 year hydro addict and a five week oxy addict to get on methadone is just setting them up to be lifelong addicts.
Nathan Garcia
I injected it, snorted it when u couldn't shoot up. Hell I even smoked it at some point.
Jordan Richardson
I know you and me are the same. Anyone who asks for help doesn't need to get on methadone. They need to nut up and deal with it.
Sorry, without tags its hard to know who we are replying to.
Michael Evans
>Telling a 4 year hydro addict
That's where you're wrong. He's been on hydro for 4 years. He can't just quit and be free from it completely in a month. Yeah the physical symptoms will be gone but that's not what makes people relapse every time... He'll be thinking about it all day everyday for months on end...
Jack Foster
4 year here. What do you think is the best course of action to take, all things considered?
Nathan Torres
Are you shooting up or just oral? If just oral taper off. bluelight.ru will have all the help you need. If you slam, then try bluelight but you very well may need methadone.
Just understand, methadone is still an addiction. It's mind over matter, but if you want to learn more talk to you doctor, talk to a drug counselor, or go to bluelight.
Sup Forums is not the place for a real addict to find help. If I was you, considering you have a constanst supply, just taper off. Take a little less every few days. Don't get high. Just get normal.
Zachary Ortiz
Do you snort dude? Or just swallow? (Insert GAY joke here)
Ian Phillips
>Don't get high. Just get normal YOU'RE telling an addict to NOT get high hahahahahahahahahahahahahahahahaha Go on methadone, don't go above 60ml/mg and taper down from there. You'll be off it in 8-12 months if you're serious about it.
Austin Thompson
sounds like you might have a newer RC called W-18, it's a super potent opioid. it is often sold as green 80 pills.
Luke Johnson
Swallow orally like a faggot. I snorted once, hated the sting and never bothered to do it again honestly.
Grayson Miller
You're wrong again bro. Methadone is a dependency not an addiction. An addiction disrupts ones life. Methadone can bring structure. Read up bro.
Jaxson Perry
W-18 is pretty common right now in canada and america.